Background: Pain is a worldwide problem that is not only associated with psych somatic stress but also imposed great expenses on the society. Postoperative pain for instance following episiotomy may aggravate the patient's condition. To eliminate this pain we may choose either chemical agents (drugs) or use other techniques. The present study evaluates the effects of MUSCLE RELAXATION on episiotomy incisional pain in a group of primipara females.Materials and methods: For this clinical trial, 120 primipara females who had mediolateral episiotomy were randomly distributed in either the case or the control group. Pain severity was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Following the surgery, the case group was trained for MUSCLE RELAXATION technique. Pain severity was assessed at 5 different stages (hours 2, 6, 12, 18, 24).Results: Results have revealed that there was no significant difference between the groups during the first 4 stages of pain assessment, however, 24 hours following our intervention, a significant difference was noted (p=0.01). Meanwhile, the incisional pain was more intensively eliminated as the number of MUSCLE RELAXATION trials increased (r=-0.24, p<0.8). Conclusion: MUSCLE RELAXATION technique can be safely used to eliminate the incisional pain following the episiotomy. Thus, this technique can be used as a noninvasive technique to treat perineal pain.

Aims: Dialysis patients have experienced some degree of pain, especially foot pain. Some complementary interventions such as MUSCLE RELAXATION are effective in relieving pain. This study was performed with the aim of assessing the effect of MUSCLE RELAXATION on hemodialysis patients’ pain.Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 hemodialysis patients of Khatamolanbia and Imam Ali hemodialysis centers of Zahedan during 2013 and 2014. The patients were chosen by purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Pain intensity was measured by McGill questionnaire before intervention. Then, Benson MUSCLE RELAXATION was taught to patients’ of case group and was performed by them for 15-20 minutes twice a day for a month. The control group received no training. The pain intensity of two groups was compared after one month. The data were analyzed using Chisquare, independent T and Mann-Whitney tests by SPSS 21 software.Findings: Most of the patients were men, married, housekeeper with under diploma education and the mean age of them was 43.0±15.0 years. There was a significant decrease in pain intensity in the intervention group compared to the control (p=0.03).Conclusion: The MUSCLE RELAXATION technique can be employed to reduce pain in hemodialysis patients.

The experiments were carried out on the MUSCLE spindle (MS) that located onto the soleus MUSCLE (SM) in the anaesthetized rats. After applying a mechanical slow stretch (SS) on the SM, the MS wasn't influenced by this stimulant and it was in a slack status. On the other hand, the MS has showed a dysfunction. The slack status of MS, it means, without electro-mechanical activity for MS that was observed in isolating MS. And this slack status of MS also was occurred by insufficient of γ-motor stimulation. With using the passive stimulating vibration on the MS-SM, again, the slack status of MS was observed. Of course, in this experiment, before that the MS was made up with passive vibration, firstly, the activation of MS was clearly observed by gs-activity. On contrary of the positive effect of  gs into MS, there wasn't a positive effect with gd-activity into MS. But, it's stated that, there was the resting discharge (RD) in the MS during slack status and the RD scale has been significantly acceptable. The MS-RD was created with both of the SS and especially by γs stimulation, though not with gd stimulation.However, it was concluded that, the changing of MS-activity could be caused with the changing length of SK.M. In this process, the MS respond was pertinent to gs-activity. Meanwhile, the activation of γs was followed by activity of MS- chain- afferent. It's seemed that, in this loop of nervo-muscular wasn't any place for activating of MS-bag fiber.

Purpose: This study was designed to compare the effects of two different RELAXATION techniques, namely progressive MUSCLE RELAXATION (PMR) and autogenic RELAXATION (AGR) on moods of young soccer players.Methods: Sixteen adolescent athletes (mean age: 14.1±1.3) received either PMR or AGR training. Using Profile of Mood States-Adolescents, their mood states were measured one week before RELAXATION training, before the first RELAXATION session, and after the twelfth RELAXATION session.Results: Mixed ANOVA revealed no significant interaction effects and no significant main effects in any of the subscales. However, significant main effects for testing sessions were found for confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension subscales. Post hoc tests revealed post-intervention reductions in the confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension subscale scores.Conclusions: These two RELAXATION techniques induce equivalent mood responses and may be used to regulate young soccer players’ mood states.

Background: Anxiety is a special kind of anxiety that athletes competing in major competitions threshold to do so. The physical dimensions of anxiety symptoms such as tremor, palpitations, shortness of breath and symptoms such as cognitive symptoms include fear of failure and fear of poor performance, will occur. One of the psychological skills that are thought to be effective in reducing and controlling athletes' competitive anxiety, RELAXATION techniques are. It generally consists of two methods based on RELAXATION and cognitive. In this way, progressive MUSCLE RELAXATION, has been used.Methods: This study consisted of 30 players, club Zob Ahan, randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. First of all players by anxiety questionnaires-Competitive CSAI-2 pre-test was performed. The players were in the experimental group received 20 sessions of RELAXATION, then step test was performed.Findings: The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc test, the paired t test, t- test for independent groups, respectively (P=0.05), showed a progressive MUSCLE RELAXATION rate reduce anxiety 's physical, cognitive anxiety brought down close to the border between the players resting heart rate is significantly reduced.Conclusion: The results showed that the goalkeepers and defenders, midfielders had significantly more cognitive anxiety but is not significant in comparison to the quarterback. have. And the native players one of the three subscales of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-esteem were not significantly different.

Adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-mediated pulmonary vascular smooth MUSCLE RELAXATION is a principal mechanism of pulmonary vasomotor control. The purpose of this study was to compare the potency and efficacy of the following receptor-linked pathway for pulmonary vasoRELAXATION which are mediated by cAMP. The experiments were performed on the rat pulmonary artery rings using vasorelaxants including isoproterenol (ISO, ß2-adrenoceptoragonist), adenosine (AD, P1-purinoceptor agonist), adenosine 5' -diphosphate (ADP, P2-purinoceptor agonist), adenosine 5'- triphosphate (ATP, P2-purinoceptor agonist), and histamine (HIST, H2-histamine receptor agonist). All of these drugs induced dose-dependent RELAXATION in the rat artery rings precontracted with phenylephrine (100 nM) (PE, EC75). Dose-response curves for rat pulmonary artery rings were recorded isometrically with Grass FT03 transducers and displayed on a Grass model 7 polygraph. The results showed that ISO (100 pM to 10 µM), AD (30 µM to 100 µM), ADP and ATP (10 nM to 10 µM) and HIST (1 µM to 100 µM) induced dose-dependent RELAXATION in rat pulmonary artery rings. The maximum responses were for ISO, ADP and A1P (10 µM), AD (10 µM) and HIST (1 mM). In the preparations The maximum relaxant responses were for ISO (93.04±1.25%), ADP (78.39±2.68%), ATP (80.48±1.93%), AD (72.22±3%), and HIST (69.52±4.02%) respectively. The median effective concentrations (EC50) were 0.01 µM Physiology and Pharmacology Volume 4, Number 2 Fall & Winter 2000-2001 for ISO, 0.5 µM for ADP, 0.6 µM for ATP, 70 µM for AD, and 100 µM for HIST. These data revealed that although receptor-linked pathways and their activation of adenylate cycles and ensuing increased level of cAMP are responsible for RELAXATION in the artery rings, but there existed significant differences regarding potency and efficacy.